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As our industry changes we are constantly encountering new terms and concepts. We add them here to help you stay current on industry lingo.
If you encounter a new term that does not appear here, please Contact Us so that we can research and add it.
# A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
See Piping and Instrumentation Diagram....
| | 7.20.01
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See Preliminary Assessment. ...
| | 7.20.01
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A roof framing system using panels—two sheets of 4' X 8' plywood—that are preframed on the ground. The panels are lifted up and placed between purlins, typically eight feet on center, that span between steel or wood glue laminated beam girders...
| | 12.31.07
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Fluorescent light fixtures with
an "egg-crate" louver instead of a flat plastic diffuser. The parabolic
louver directs light downward, eliminating the glare on VDTs associated
with nondiffused light....
| | 11.10.05
|
An electrically operated portable gas generator that utilizes a prescribed quantity of liquid paraformaldehyde that is converted to a gaseous vapor and released directly into the atmosphere of a contaminated area. As the vapor permeates the area, all surf...
| | 2.13.06
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An organism living in or on another living organism, obtaining from it part or all of its organic nutriment.
...
| | 10.27.03
|
Law of distribution for general
application. As applied to facilities budgets: a small number of
elements (20 percent) accounts for the greatest percentage of costs (80
percent). ...
| | 7.6.05
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An enclosure which is constructed so that contamination between its interior and the surroundings is minimized by the controlled movement of air. Class I and Class II safety cabinets are examples. With partial containment a small percentage of the aerosol...
| | 3.28.08
|
Fine liquid or solid particles such as dust, smoke, mist or fumes found in air. Airborne particulate matter is typically in the size range of 0.01 to 100 micrometers....
| | 1.22.07
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A cooperative management structure focusing on common goals and benefits; focuses management effort on conflict resolution.
...
| | 4.25.07
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Units
commonly used to express contamination ratios, as in establishing the
maximum permissible amount of a contaminant in water or soil. In soil:
ppm = milligrams of contaminant to one kilogram of soil, ppb =
micrograms of contaminant per kilogram of soi...
| | 7.20.01
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A chamber where researchers can pass parts, tools, animal carcasses and other work items in and out of a containment lab without entering the lab itself. The concept is to create an air lock housing that minimizes the air that enters or leaves the lab. Pa...
| | 3.28.08
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A disease-producing micro organism, e.g., virus, bacteria, or toxin. A pathogenic organism is a micro organism that can cause disease (not all micro organisms cause disease), e.g. the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
...
| | 7.22.03
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A specially designed gas-fired incinerator that usually has a capacity of 100 pounds per hour. It is used to reduce solid wastes and animal carcasses to a state of totally decontaminated ash. The effluent gases produced in the process are then passed into...
| | 2.27.08
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A measurement used in financial analysis to evaluate and choose between alternative investment opportunities. Specifically, the period of time it takes for projected savings or revenues from an initial outlay of funds to equal the amount of the outlay. Ro...
| | 12.29.06
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General Contractors secure this bond (insurance) to ensure sub-contractors are paid if the GC were to go out of business or in the case where the letting authority cannot be sued (goverment entity)....
| | 6.4.03
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See Private Branch Exchange....
| | 7.20.01
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See Personal Digital Assistant...
| | 6.30.03
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The art, or science, of teaching....
| | 12.19.07
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Pertaining to, or designating, the highest oxygen acid (HClO4), of chlorine; also called hyperchloric.
...
| | 6.21.04
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Lab tables that have small holes in them in order to allow for more uniform vertical air flow....
| | 8.25.06
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Contract selection process focusing on service providers references and ability to self-manage the contract to fully satisfy contract/customer expectations. The successful contractors are self-motivated, superior performers and their references and experi...
| | 7.30.03
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A contract specification expressed in terms of the expected outcome or an acceptable performance standard....
| | 9.26.03
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A room that a researcher uses to fix tissue using the perfusion technique (to force a fluid through a tissue or organ) with paraformaldehyde (a common fixative perfusate) or other potentially noxious chemicals. The room provides a hood with ducted exhaust...
| | 10.11.04
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Pertaining to an infant both shortly before and after birth....
| | 3.28.08
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The rate at which liquids pass through soil or other materials in a specified direction. Also the property that allows substances to pass through membranes. Semi-permeable membranes only allow selected substances through them. This is important in filtrat...
| | 9.21.01
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The maximum amount of a chemical that an employee may be exposed to under OSHA regulations....
| | 7.11.07
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A handheld, fully functional computer that replaces notebook/organizers. They can keep track of an address book, daily planner, to-do lists, memo pads, calendar, project lists, expense reports, downloaded email as well as numerous other functions. Most PD...
| | 6.30.03
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Equipment used for personal protection; e.g., respirators, hardhats, gloves, goggles....
| | 2.13.06
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see Positron Emission Tomography.
...
| | 11.17.04
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One thousand terabytes (the Library of Congress contains approximately 20 terabytes of text).
...
| | 2.3.05
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A measure of acidity or alkalinity. The negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration per liter. The level pH 1 is very acidic; pH 7 is neutral and the theoretical pH of pure water; pH 14 is very alkaline or basic....
| | 11.5.07
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Study of the action of drugs in the body, including the method and rate of absorption and excretion, the duration of effect, and other factors.
...
| | 9.13.04
|
In renovation projects, refers to the
plan for evacuating, rebuilding and reoccupying small areas of a
building sequentially until the entire facility has been renovated. The
purpose of a phasing plan is to accomplish a renovation with a minimum
of di...
| | 7.6.05
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In the broadest sense, a photometer is any instrument used to measure illuminance or irradiance. As applied in industrial photometry, a "photometer" is the general term covering instruments for detecting scattered light intensity , absorption, a...
| | 12.19.07
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The amount of time a plant or animal is exposed to light and dark cycles....
| | 8.30.05
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The visual efficiency curve of the cone pigments of the retina of the eye, primarily in the central vision. This is what is measured by a standard light meter. New findings suggest that good lighting design should involve not only the photopic spectrum bu...
| | 2.27.08
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The tendency to turn toward or fixate on a light source. The human eye is phototropic and is naturally attracted to bright light. Applies to interior lighting design in that bright light sources (windows, light fixtures, reflecting surfaces) can be undesi...
| | 2.27.08
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A form of silicon solar cell
that converts solar energy into electricity....
| | 2.9.05
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Procedures or structures designed to restrict the release of viable organisms....
| | 7.2.07
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The use of plants to remediate contamination by the uptake (transpiration) of contaminated water by plants. Plants can be used to contain, remove, or degrade contaminants. See also bioremediation and transpiration.
...
| | 3.7.05
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See continuous hinge....
| | 1.22.04
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A unit for measuring radioactivity, often
expressed as picocuries per liter of air. 1 x 10-12 Curies. ...
| | 7.20.01
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See Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller. ...
| | 7.20.01
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A well that is used to determine water table elevation so that the direction of groundwater flow or gradient can be determined....
| | 9.21.06
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A type of "extension cord" that provides
good flexibility. For example, in lighting a pigtail provides several
feet of extra cord from the receptacle for the electrical source to the
light....
| | 7.20.01
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Schematic single-line diagram of a process or piping system, showing the relative location and identification of tanks, vessels, piping, valves and instrumentation (such as controllers, transmitters and gauges)....
| | 8.27.07
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See Product License Application. ...
| | 7.20.01
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Extension of the "patient-centered care" concept—a model for healthcare delivery that includes self-medication, open charts, libraries for patient education, open nursing stations and increased patient control....
| | 4.3.06
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Squares (i.e. 3.3m x 3.3m) that define the laboratory and office planning for the building. The structural grid is typically a multiple of the planning grid. The planning grid replaces laboratory modules as the planning tool.
...
| | 9.28.05
|
A small circular piece of DNA found outside
the chromosome in bacteria. It carries certain genes and is capable of
replicating independently in a host cell. Plasmids are the principal
tool for inserting new genetic information into organisms....
| | 7.20.01
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See Programmable Logic Controller. ...
| | 7.20.01
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See Power, Lighting, Electronics and Communications. ...
| | 7.20.01
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An air compartment or chamber to which one or more air ducts are connected. It is the part of an air handling system that supplies conditioned air, circulates air, or exhausts air....
| | 9.21.06
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An airtight chamber with pressure sensors that encases the body (excluding head) of a test subject and can be used to measure respiration volume, airway obstruction, and various cardiovascular parameters....
| | 5.17.07
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A large heavy concrete block used to support other structures; plinths floating on pneumatic springs are used to isolate rooms from existing foundational elements....
| | 8.28.06
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Design practice for ready usability and flexibility of suites, modular labs, etc. Equipment such as computers, animal racks, or fume hoods can be moved in and immediately plugged in (connected) and be relatively instantly operable....
| | 7.29.03
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A visible or measurable discharge of a contaminant from a given point, e.g. a plume of smoke. A plume can be thermal as well as visible, such as a discharge of hot water into a river....
| | 4.13.06
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The velocity of an exhaust gas from a vertical stack measured at the point of discharge. The higher the velocity of the exhaust gas, the higher the plume and the greater the dispersion of exhaust gas into the atmosphere....
| | 4.13.06
|
Pad Mounted Switch...
| | 3.3.03
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A mechanism activated by an
analog or digital signal that regulates the escape of compressed air to
move mechanical controls such as valves and levers. ...
| | 7.20.01
|
A plan for the distribution
of mechanical and electrical services in laboratories and other
equipment-intensive space above the finished floor level by providing a
walled-in chase between back-to-back laboratory casework installations
or equipment sta...
| | 6.27.05
|
Automation systems designed to manage and track inventory, e.g. medicinal drugs. These systems can provide a drug storage unit that dispenses one pill at a time for a prescribed patient at a prescribed time, and will leave documentation that such a drug ...
| | 1.22.04
|
A teleconference configuration
which allows information to be communicated from one source to many
different locations or points. In some point-to-multipoint
teleconferencing systems the receive sites can transmit back to the
point of origination, but not...
| | 7.20.01
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A teleconference configuration where
only two sites can communicate with each other. In most cases, the
sites can send as well as receive. ...
| | 7.20.01
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Actions taken by management during a
takeover attempt to make their corporation less attractive to the party
staging the takeover. Examples are selling off a highly desirable
division or a onetime cash distribution to all shareholders, which can
use up av...
| | 4.2.07
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A wire power, lighting, electronics and communications distribution plan in which cables are distributed in the ceiling space of the floor below. Cable access to the work area (floor above) is achieved by a preset or cut-in hole in the floor through which...
| | 9.24.07
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A person who has been to the geographical South Pole.
...
| | 9.22.03
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In water purification, the process of removing the remaining contaminants from preprocessed feedwater....
| | 11.29.07
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A space in an AutoCAD program which has been outlined and has attributes assigned to it (i.e. "office" or "restroom").
...
| | 11.7.05
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A technique in AutoCAD allowing the creation of a boundary around space of a particular type, thus facilitating the calculation of square footages.
...
| | 9.27.04
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Integrated circuits made entirely from plastic using conjugated polymers. The electrical conductivity of conjugated polymers is determined by chemical composition, rather than by implantation and diffusion, as it is with silicon.
...
| | 10.3.03
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The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique widely used in molecular biology. It derives its name from one of its key components, a DNA polymerase used to amplify (i.e., replicate) a piece of DNA by in vitro enzymatic replication. As PCR progresses...
| | 12.19.07
|
In the management of corporate real estate, the concept of clustering a group of properties to maximize the assets for organizational goals rather than strictly for profit goals. Similar to multiple stocks held in a mutual fund investment, real estate ass...
| | 5.29.03
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The cementitious binder for most structural concrete; obtained by pulverizing clinker consisting essentially of hydraulic calcium silicates; contains calcium sulfate as an interground addition.
...
| | 10.13.04
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An imaging technique where radioactive 'tracer' isotopes, which emit a positron, are injected into a living subject. PET scanners measure the metabolism of certain parts and functions of the body by tracking emitted gamma rays.
...
| | 11.17.04
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Introducing workers to a new space by teaching them how to use new furniture, lighting, acoustics, HVAC, office automation and phone systems. For example, workers might accidentally ruin the effectiveness of new acoustic panels by covering them with paper...
| | 2.9.07
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Any entity that
can be held responsible for contamination. These can include past or
present owners or operators of facilities that generate, use, treat,
store or dispose of hazardous wastes; contractors hired to transport
wastes and owners or operators o...
| | 7.27.07
|
Power is the rate at which work is done and so is measured as work per unit of time. Examples of units include watts, joules per second and horsepower (one horsepower equals 746 watts)....
| | 12.26.07
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An air-purifying respirator that uses a blower to force the ambient air through air-purifying elements to the inlet covering. (Definition courtesy of OSHA.)
Instructions on its use can be found at http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/idepc/dtopics/...
| | 2.13.06
|
A column manufactured by Hill-Rom
used in hospital rooms containing monitors and gases normally contained
in a headwall unit. All four sides of the column can be used, and the
patient bed can be placed on either side of the column....
| | 2.8.06
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A rectangular, floor-to-ceiling metal tube two to three inches wide used as a vertical cableway to get power, telephone and computer wires from a horizontal wire distribution grid in the ceiling to individual workstations or clusters of workstations on th...
| | 2.16.07
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The physical wiring and wiring distribution scheme or plan for all
electrical equipment in a building....
| | 12.26.07
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See Personal Protective Equipment....
| | 3.3.03
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See Practical Quantitation Limit. ...
| | 7.20.01
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The concentration of a
substance that can be measured and reported within specified limits of
precision and accuracy....
| | 7.20.01
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A pre-fee negotiating meeting is a meeting conducted by the owner with the architect and the engineer to clearly spell out owner expectations on the scope of the work, the type of detail required, the quality of work, design standards and any special stud...
| | 7.27.07
|
Portions of the lab furniture that contain the electrical and piped utilities that can be disconnected and removed as a unit and reused elsewhere in the building. They typically connect to the utilities in the ceiling. When removed, the capped or valved u...
| | 9.28.05
|
Refers to concrete panels usually
made in factories and delivered to the construction site where they are
hoisted onto the structure. Sometimes concrete panels are poured at the
site and then hoisted on the structure....
| | 7.20.01
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The immediate vicinity where a building or group of buildings resides (larger than a building site, but smaller than a campus). Areas may be referred to using a common theme (Humanities precinct or Sciences Precinct), or by location (western precinct or c...
| | 5.1.06
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Maintenance is performed on facilities and equipment as they need it, rather than on a time interval basis (Preventive Maintenance). Also known as Condition Monitoring....
| | 3.6.03
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The first step required by the 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) when a hazardous substance has reportedly been released. The preliminary assessment involves collecting available information to determine th...
| | 9.4.07
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The comparison of
alternative projects or design solutions on the basis of the sum total
of all initial and future costs and revenues for each project. Future
dollar amounts are discounted to the present at a given annual discount
rate reflecting the ...
| | 7.6.05
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Materials used in building
and furniture that are made from wood veneers, particles or fibers
bonded with an adhesive under heat and pressure....
| | 7.20.01
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Laboratories and vivariums are generally designed with varying pressure differentials. These differentials cause airflow between areas, therefore containing odors, particles and microbial matter....
| | 10.24.06
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Providing maintenance to facilities and equipment on a time interval basis whether they need it or not. See Predictive Maintenance....
| | 3.6.03
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The first point of containment in which an inner surface of a containment structure comes into immediate contact with the hazardous material to be contained....
| | 7.2.07
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In laboratories, the chief scientist in charge of a research protocol or lab....
| | 1.22.04
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A computerized
switchboard that routes voice and data traffic throughout an office
building....
| | 7.20.01
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In animal-related research, refers
to a room where procedures can be performed, other than the holding room
or the researcher's laboratory....
| | 10.13.04
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A panel meter with sizeable zero and span adjustment capabilities, which can be scaled for readout in engineering units for signals such as 4-20 mA, 10-50 mA and 1-5 V.
...
| | 10.20.04
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An application for any product applicable to the prevention, treatment, or cure of human diseases and injury that is submitted to the Director of the Office of Biologics Research and Review. Included in the application is data derived from clinical and no...
| | 11.29.06
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Quality of being impervious to a hazardous material that is to be contained, thus preventing the seepage of the hazardous material from the primary containment. To be product-tight, the container must be made of a material that is not subject to physical ...
| | 5.4.07
|
A programmable
computer that enables the automatic monitoring and control of process
and manufacturing functions (such as fluid temperatures, tank pressures
and levels, robotic device movements and AGV pathways) within an
industrial facility. Today's PLCs...
| | 7.20.01
|
That portion of the planning process
for a new building, group of buildings or area within a building which,
through the collection and analysis of data on occupants, work patterns
and required equipment, leads to the statement of the design problem and
t...
| | 3.6.06
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The end process of design and construction where testing, correcting, approving, and paying for the completed work takes place....
| | 3.2.05
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The securing of funds from a
financial institution for construction and equipment in which revenue
generated by the project and the project's assets are the only sources
of repayment and credit worthiness. In this form of financing, the
project owner's ba...
| | 1.17.06
|
The planning, organizing,
directing and controlling of the activities of one or more groups of
people for a limited period of time to produce a single, specified
product or result on a specified date in the future. What differentiates
project management f...
| | 1.17.06
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A book containing all written
contract documents except the drawings. This may include the bidding
documents, sample forms, general and supplemental conditions, Division 1
documents (which spell out particular conditions of a specific project)
and technic...
| | 7.20.01
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When planning any facility changes
that will affect people, announce the changes well in advance of the
design start date to give the people who will be affected by the change
time to think about the proposed project and give you feedback before
you start...
| | 1.17.06
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Defined as the up-front establishment of external project conditions, platforms, and environments. It is generally regarded by experts who study project performance to be the principal determiner of the success or failure of large, complex, high-profile p...
| | 4.2.04
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Flexible work areas designed to support work teams as they expand and contract. See also Group Address....
| | 8.22.07
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The stage of a project where the architect checks the brief (i.e., program) and proves it can be done as described (scope, schedule, budget). This phase is between briefing (programming) and schematic design. See also Return Brief....
| | 5.1.06
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An
electronic adjustable controller for HVAC systems in R&D facilities
that prevents a system from "hunting" under changing air flow
conditions. PID is an outgrowth of proportional-derivative systems
originally designed for electronics facilities. The...
| | 7.20.01
|
When an owner and architect specify a particular brand in the construction documents....
| | 7.2.07
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The study of the full set of proteins encoded by a genome.
...
| | 7.26.06
|
A set of rules for communicating format,
timing, hierarchy and error control between computers....
| | 7.20.01
|
An approach to interior design and construction that involves building out and furnishing a typical office module or section of a floor before finalizing the design. Prototype construction can establish uncertain construction and material costs, prove inn...
| | 10.11.06
|
See Potentially Responsible Party. ...
| | 7.20.01
|
Also known as the Bioterrorism Act, fulfills mandates issued in the Patriot Act and supersedes prior rules. The act requires the Department of Health and Human Services and United States Department of Agriculture to expand the list of Select Agents, it al...
| | 7.6.05
|
A translation method for
converting an analog signal into a digital signal....
| | 7.20.01
|
The list of tasks not completed or the
list of owner complaints requiring attention before a construction job
is considered finished. The term comes from the early practice of using
a conductor's ticket punch to indicate when individual tasks had been
...
| | 11.9.05
|
Refers to the process in which gaseous
formaldehyde is used to decontaminate a laboratory facility of
microorganisms. The building is evacuated (after-hours or on weekends)
and sealed up; formaldehyde is then pumped through the facility's
ventilation syst...
| | 7.20.01
|
A long-term bond that offers the buyer the
option of putting the bond back to the issuer prior to maturity. The
yield rates for put bonds are calculated on the basis of the put period,
not the maturity period, resulting in lower interest costs during the
...
| | 7.20.01
|
Able to rot quickly enough to cause odors and attract flies. Kitchen waste, offal, and dead animals are examples....
| | 7.14.06
|
A single-ply roofing membrane made of
polyvinyl chloride and plasticizers that turn semi-rigid PVC into a
flexible roofing membrane. PVC is resistant to water and many chemicals
and can be formed into strong field seams and patches through the use of
solv...
| | 7.20.01
|
The name given to the cellular fragments
of bacterial cell walls, and literally meaning "fever causing." Pyrogens
cause a fever in mammals when injected or infused. ...
| | 8.10.05
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